Some Types Of Viruses.
Network Attacks.
Network attacks are less common phenomenon than viruses, but more dangerous. The purpose of network attack may be misappropriation of information, or blocking the work of an individual computer or the whole network. Network attacks are usually committed by well-trained hackers, although there are cases children are doing it for fun. There are plenty of network attacks and their classifications; I will describe only the most famous.
• Brute force.
This is a method of overcoming protection by password. The idea is that the password is chosen by enumeration of all possible variations. It can be used both on the network and on the local machine. Sometimes brute force is applied with the use of dictionaries. Therefore it is necessary to use the passwords resistant to guessing. And of course the same password should not be a meaningful word. It is desirable to use numbers with letters, as well as uppercase and lowercase letters.
Example: in case of burglary at a speed of 10000 combinations per second (using the Latin alphabet in one register + digits), the rate of guessing a password of 4 characters ~ 20 seconds; of 8 characters – about 10 months. Of course if the hacking will not go in the dictionary.
• Network Intelligence.
Network Intelligence usually precedes the attack itself and serves to identify the types of operating systems, services, and etc. за victim’s computer. Subsequently this information can be used for breaking.
The most common intelligence – is port scanning. The idea is that each program running on the network on your computer has a network port, on which the program receives information from the network. Scanning the ports, you can learn the type of operating system, installed applications, as well as their version (that is important too)
• Exploit.
Exploit – is a program designed to break the system. Its principle of operation is that using the vulnerability of any program on the computer of the victim, it can do unauthorized actions in it. There are “local” and “remote” exploits. Local ones aimed at improving the attacker’s privileges (for example, to obtain administrator privileges) (they are also called rootkit); remote exploit operates through a network and uses vulnerability in security without any prior access to a vulnerable system.
The network intelligence is necessary for the use of the exploits that allows you to identify the vulnerable software.
Typically unskilled “Hackers-kiddies” are used exploits, taking a ready-made program for hacking.
The constant updating of your software for closing the “holes” in the system is the protection against exploits.
Sometimes the exploits are used to spread viruses (which I already wrote above). The virus infects the computer of the victim using the vulnerability in the system. The whole “epidemics” of viruses are linked with such viruses.
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